Universal Codon of Life

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All genes are composed of sequences of codons, which are triplets of nucleotide bases (A C G T/U). Ribosomes convert these sequences into proteins, which are polymers of amino acids.

Of the 64 possible codons, there are 20 amino acids coded for, 3 stop codons, and 1 start codon (the amino acid methionine). There are many redundant codons, which is important for protecting against transcription errors and mutations.

**The Universal Codon of Life**
First Base	Second Base				Third Base
First Base	U	C	A	G	Third Base
U	UUU phenylalanine	UCU serine	UAU tyrosine	UGU cysteine	U
	UUC phenylalanine	UCC serine	UAC tyrosine	UGC cysteine	C
	UUA leucine	UCA serine	UAA stop	UGA stop	A
	UUG leucine	UCG serine	UAG stop	UGG tryptophan	G
C	CUU leucine	CCU proline	CAU histidine	CGU arginine	U
	CUC leucine	CCC proline	CAC histidine	CGC arginine	C
	CUA leucine	CCA proline	CAA glutamine	CGA arginine	A
	CUG leucine	CCG proline	CAG glutamine	CGG arginine	G
A	AUU isoleucine	ACU threonine	AAU asparagine	AGU serine	U
	AUC isoleucine	ACC threonine	AAC asparagine	AGC serine	C
	AUA isoleucine	ACA threonine	AAA lysine	AGA arginine	A
	AUG methionine	ACG threonine	AAG lysine	AGG arginine	G
G	GUU valine	GCU alanine	GAU aspartate	GGU glycine	U
	GUC valine	GCC alanine	GAC aspartate	GGC glycine	C
	GUA valine	GCA alanine	GAA glutamate	GGA glycine	A
	GUG valine	GCG alanine	GAG glutamate	GGG glycine	G

Start & Stop codons

There is only one start codon, which is AUG. This is also the methionine amino acid.

There are three stop codons: UAA, UGA, UAG.

Universal Codon of Life

Start & Stop codons

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